Translation guide
The English word 'paralysis' can refer to a medical condition (loss of muscle function) or a metaphorical state (inability to act or function). Japanese has distinct terms for these uses, and the metaphorical sense often uses different expressions.
Loss of muscle function in part of the body, often due to nerve damage or stroke.
The standard medical term for paralysis. Can be used for both complete and partial loss of function.
彼は事故で足が麻痺した。
He became paralyzed in the legs due to an accident.
I was diagnosed with facial nerve paralysis.
Kana form of 麻痺, commonly used in everyday writing.
I still have paralysis in my left hand.
A state of being unable to move forward, make decisions, or function due to fear, shock, or systemic problems.
Means stagnation or deadlock. Used for situations where progress stops, like economic paralysis or decision paralysis.
Negotiations are completely paralyzed.
Literally 'stiffening', used for mental or organizational rigidity that prevents action.
Literally 'cannot move one's body', used figuratively for being stuck in a situation.
Means dysfunction or functional paralysis, often used for systems or organizations.
A temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking up.
While 麻痺 can be used metaphorically (e.g., 交通麻痺 - traffic paralysis), it often sounds medical. For inability to act, 停滞 or 硬直 are more natural.
My thinking is paralyzed and I can't decide anything.
恐怖で思考が硬直した。
My thoughts became paralyzed with fear.
I'm paralyzed by debt.
The government is suffering from paralysis.
Sleep paralysis is a common phenomenon.