Translation guide
The English word 'principle' covers a range of meanings from fundamental truths and rules to personal moral guidelines. This guide helps you choose the right Japanese expression based on the specific nuance.
A basic idea or rule that explains how something works, often in science or philosophy.
Refers to a fundamental principle or theory underlying a system, especially in science, mathematics, or philosophy.
Archimedes' principle
This machine applies the principle of the lever.
A general rule or fundamental principle, often used in more abstract or formal contexts. Can overlap with 'principle' as a basic rule.
the principles of democracy
A rule or belief about what is right and wrong that influences behavior.
Often translated as 'principle' when referring to a doctrine, policy, or personal creed. It implies a set of beliefs one adheres to.
He won't act against his principles.
That goes against my principles.
Personal beliefs or convictions, often moral or religious. More formal and less common in daily conversation.
Moral principles or morality, often used in contexts of social justice or ethical duty.
A basic rule or standard that guides actions or decisions.
The most common translation for a general principle or rule. Used in both formal and everyday contexts.
As a general principle, parking is prohibited.
A policy, guideline, or course of action. Often used in business or organizational contexts.
Used to say that something is generally true, even if exceptions exist.
原理 (げんり) is used for fundamental scientific or philosophical principles (e.g., principles of physics). 原則 (げんそく) is used for general rules, guidelines, or moral principles. In many cases, 原則 is the safer choice for 'principle' as a rule or standard.
主義 (しゅぎ) often translates as '-ism' (e.g., 資本主義 = capitalism). When used alone to mean 'principle', it refers to a personal creed or policy. Be careful not to overuse it for general principles.
彼は自分の信条を決して曲げない。
He never compromises his principles.
an act against moral principles
In this company, meritocracy is the principle.
新しい経営方針
new management principles
In principle it's equal, but in reality it's different.