Translation guide
How to express the idea of 'propose' in Japanese, covering suggesting an idea, proposing marriage, and formal proposals.
The most common and neutral way to say 'propose' in the sense of suggesting an idea or plan. Suitable for both formal and informal contexts.
I proposed a new project.
He proposed a budget cut at the meeting.
Noun form meaning 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. Often used with する to make it a verb.
The proposal was rejected.
To advocate or propose an idea, often used for theories, principles, or movements. More formal and intellectual.
He proposed a new educational theory.
To ask someone to marry you.
The standard loanword for proposing marriage. Very common and natural.
He proposed to her at a restaurant.
I'm thinking of what to say when I propose.
A more traditional and formal phrase meaning 'to propose marriage'. Literally 'to apply for marriage'.
A formal and somewhat literary term for proposing marriage. Often used in written contexts or historical settings.
He proposed by letter.
To formally put forward a person for a position or a motion for a vote.
提案する means 'to suggest an idea' and is not used for marriage proposals. Use プロポーズする or 結婚を申し込む instead.
I suggested something to her. (Not 'I proposed to her'.)
He proposed marriage to her.