Translation guide
The activity or job of fixing something that is broken or damaged. In Japanese, this is commonly expressed with nouns like 修理 (しゅうり) or 修繕 (しゅうぜん), often combined with 作業 (さぎょう) or 工事 (こうじ) depending on the context.
Referring to the act of fixing mechanical or electrical items, such as cars, electronics, or household appliances.
The most common and general term for repair. Can be used as a noun or combined with する to form a verb (修理する).
車の修理に時間がかかった。
The car repair took a long time.
この時計は修理が必要だ。
This watch needs repair.
Specifically emphasizes the work or operation of repairing. 作業 means 'work' or 'operation'.
修理作業は明日完了する予定です。
The repair work is scheduled to be completed tomorrow.
Often used for mending or repairing things like clothes, furniture, or buildings. Slightly more formal or technical than 修理.
靴の修繕を頼んだ。
I asked for shoe repair.
Referring to repair work on larger structures, public works, or construction projects.
Commonly used for repair and maintenance work on roads, bridges, buildings, etc. 工事 means 'construction work'.
道路の補修工事が行われている。
Road repair work is being carried out.
橋の補修工事のため、通行止めです。
The road is closed due to bridge repair work.
Implies renovation or improvement in addition to repair. Often used for buildings or facilities.
校舎の改修工事が夏休み中に行われる。
The school building renovation work will be done during summer vacation.
Less common; can be used for repair construction work but 補修工事 is more standard.
水道管の修理工事が始まった。
The water pipe repair work has started.
Talking about the business or act of offering repair services.
The repair business or industry. Used for shops or professionals specializing in repair.
彼はパソコンの修理業を営んでいる。
He runs a computer repair business.
Similar to 修理業 but often for clothing, shoes, or furniture repair.
この街には修繕業者が少ない。
There are few repair shops in this town.
Referring to a makeshift or temporary repair.
Emergency or temporary repair. 応急 means 'first-aid' or 'emergency'.
パンクしたので応急修理をした。
I had a flat tire, so I did a temporary repair.
A makeshift repair, something done to get by for the time being.
間に合わせの修理では長くもたない。
A makeshift repair won't last long.
修理 (しゅうり) is the most general and covers mechanical/electrical items. 修繕 (しゅうぜん) is often for fabric, clothing, or small items. 補修 (ほしゅう) is for structural or large-scale repair, often in construction contexts.
車は修理するが、服は修繕する。
You repair a car, but you mend clothes.
While 修理作業 is correct, in casual conversation simply 修理 is often enough. Adding 作業 can sound overly formal or technical unless you specifically mean the work process.