Translation guide
The English word "response" covers a wide range of situations, from answering a question to reacting to an event. In Japanese, the best translation depends heavily on context: whether it's a verbal reply, a written answer, a physical reaction, or a formal response. This guide organizes the most common and useful Japanese expressions by meaning.
Expressing a spoken answer to a question or statement.
The most common and versatile word for a reply or answer, especially in conversation. Can be used for both spoken and written responses, but often implies a direct reply to a person.
I haven't gotten a response from him yet.
I'm waiting for a response.
Similar to 返事 but slightly more formal. Often used when a clear answer is expected, such as in business or official contexts.
Please give me a response.
Used for answering calls, signals, or in technical contexts (e.g., computer response). Not typically used for casual conversation.
To answer the phone.
Expressing a response in writing, such as to a letter, email, or formal inquiry.
The standard word for a reply to a message, email, or letter. Very common in digital communication.
Sorry for the late response to your email.
Used for answers to questions, surveys, or formal inquiries. Implies a more structured or official response.
Can also be used for written replies, especially informal ones like a quick note or message.
Expressing a non-verbal reaction, emotional response, or feedback to something.
The most common word for a reaction, whether physical, emotional, or chemical. Covers everything from a person's reaction to a joke to a machine's response.
His response (reaction) was funny.
A loanword from English, often used for a visible or exaggerated reaction, especially in casual or entertainment contexts.
Refers to a tangible response or feedback, often used when you feel a reaction from someone (e.g., a positive response to your efforts).
Expressing a formal reply in business, legal, or official settings.
Used for official answers to inquiries, requests, or formal questions. Common in business and legal contexts.
We will provide a formal response.
Also used in formal situations, but slightly less official than 回答. Often implies a direct reply to a person or entity.
In formal contexts, can refer to answering a call or signal, but less common for general official replies.
Expressing how someone or something reacts to an external stimulus, such as a medical treatment or a change.
返事 is the most general word for a reply, suitable for both spoken and informal written contexts. 返信 is specifically for written replies like emails or letters. 回答 is for formal answers to questions or surveys.
The loanword レスポンス is sometimes used in IT or business for 'response time' or 'customer response', but it's not a natural replacement for 返事 or 反応 in everyday conversation. Stick to the native words unless you're in a technical context.
Analyze customer responses.
I look forward to your response.
アンケートに回答する。
To respond to a questionnaire.
手紙の返事を書く。
To write a response to a letter.
The audience's response was good.
You have big reactions, don't you?
手応えのある反応だった。
It was a substantial response.
ご返答をお待ちしております。
We await your response.
緊急の応答が必要です。
An urgent response is needed.
This substance responds to light.
システムの応答時間を測定する。
Measure the system's response time.