Translation guide
The English word "response" covers a wide range of situations, from answering a question to reacting to an event. In Japanese, the best translation depends heavily on context: whether it's a verbal reply, a written answer, a physical reaction, or a formal response. This guide organizes the most common and useful Japanese expressions by meaning.
Expressing a spoken answer to a question or statement.
The most common and versatile word for a reply or answer, especially in conversation. Can be used for both spoken and written responses, but often implies a direct reply to a person.
I haven't gotten a response from him yet.
I'm waiting for a response.
Similar to 返事 but slightly more formal. Often used when a clear answer is expected, such as in business or official contexts.
Please give me a response.
Used for answering calls, signals, or in technical contexts (e.g., computer response). Not typically used for casual conversation.
To answer the phone.
Expressing a response in writing, such as to a letter, email, or formal inquiry.
The standard word for a reply to a message, email, or letter. Very common in digital communication.
Sorry for the late response to your email.
Used for answers to questions, surveys, or formal inquiries. Implies a more structured or official response.
Can also be used for written replies, especially informal ones like a quick note or message.
Expressing a non-verbal reaction, emotional response, or feedback to something.
The most common word for a reaction, whether physical, emotional, or chemical. Covers everything from a person's reaction to a joke to a machine's response.
His response (reaction) was funny.
A loanword from English, often used for a visible or exaggerated reaction, especially in casual or entertainment contexts.
Refers to a tangible response or feedback, often used when you feel a reaction from someone (e.g., a positive response to your efforts).
Expressing a formal reply in business, legal, or official settings.
Used for official answers to inquiries, requests, or formal questions. Common in business and legal contexts.
We will provide a formal response.
Also used in formal situations, but slightly less official than 回答. Often implies a direct reply to a person or entity.
In formal contexts, can refer to answering a call or signal, but less common for general official replies.
Expressing how someone or something reacts to an external stimulus, such as a medical treatment or a change.
返事 is the most general word for a reply, suitable for both spoken and informal written contexts. 返信 is specifically for written replies like emails or letters. 回答 is for formal answers to questions or surveys.
Send a reply to a friend.
Reply to an email.
Answer a question (formally).
The loanword レスポンス is sometimes used in IT or business for 'response time' or 'customer response', but it's not a natural replacement for 返事 or 反応 in everyday conversation. Stick to the native words unless you're in a technical context.
Analyze customer responses.
I look forward to your response.
アンケートに回答する。
To respond to a questionnaire.
手紙の返事を書く。
To write a response to a letter.
The audience's response was good.
You have big reactions, don't you?
手応えのある反応だった。
It was a substantial response.
ご返答をお待ちしております。
We await your response.
緊急の応答が必要です。
An urgent response is needed.
This substance responds to light.
システムの応答時間を測定する。
Measure the system's response time.