Translation guide
Used to clarify, rephrase, or explain something just said. In Japanese, this is expressed with set phrases that introduce a restatement or conclusion.
To explain something more clearly or in other words.
The most common and neutral way to say 'that is to say' or 'in other words'. Used in both spoken and written Japanese.
To sum up or state the logical result of what was said.
Also used to mean 'in short' or 'after all'. Very versatile.
つまり is everyday and conversational; すなわち is formal and often found in written explanations or definitions. Use つまり in most situations.
That is to say, that's how it is.
彼は、つまり私の兄は、医者です。
He, that is to say my older brother, is a doctor.
So, what are you trying to say?
More formal and often used in writing or speeches. Equivalent to 'namely' or 'that is to say'.
Japan, that is to say, the land of the rising sun.
Literally 'if we rephrase', used to introduce a restatement. Common in explanations.
In other words, that's impossible.
So, you don't want to go, in other words.
Means 'in short' or 'the point is'. Used to summarize.
In short, he is lying.
Namely, this is the conclusion.