Translation guide
The English word 'vigorous' describes something done with energy, force, or robust health. In Japanese, the best equivalent depends on whether you mean physical energy, mental liveliness, strong growth, or forceful action. This guide organizes the most natural Japanese expressions by these core meanings.
Describing a person, action, or atmosphere that is lively, spirited, and full of energy.
The most common and versatile word for 'energetic' or 'lively'. Used for people, animals, and general well-being. Can also describe an atmosphere.
He is a very vigorous child.
They are running around vigorously.
Means 'active' or 'lively', often used for people, discussions, or economic activity. Emphasizes proactive energy.
She is the most vigorous student in the class.
A vigorous debate took place.
Describes someone who works with great energy and stamina. Often used for tireless effort.
He is working vigorously.
Describing physical strength, robust health, or strong growth of plants.
Describing actions that are done with great force, intensity, or determination.
Means 'intense', 'violent', or 'fierce'. Used for vigorous exercise, arguments, or natural phenomena.
You need to hydrate after vigorous exercise.
Means 'fierce' or 'tremendous'. Used for very vigorous, almost aggressive effort or speed.
Emphasizing that a denial or statement is made strongly and with conviction.
English often uses 'vigorous' as a premodifier (e.g., 'vigorous exercise', 'vigorous debate'). In Japanese, it is more natural to use an adverb + verb construction or a relative clause. For example, 'vigorous exercise' becomes 激しい運動 (intense exercise) rather than a literal adjective-noun pair.
Weeds are growing vigorously.
My grandfather is the picture of vigorous health.
They vigorously opposed the plan.
Literally 'powerful' or 'forceful'. Describes a vigorous, confident action or manner.
He gave a vigorous handshake.
猛烈な勢いで仕事を片付けた。
He finished the work with vigorous speed.