Translation guide
The state of being awake and alert, or the quality of not being asleep. In Japanese, this concept is expressed through nouns, adjectives, and verbs that describe alertness, sleeplessness, or the act of staying awake.
Describing the condition of being awake, as opposed to sleeping.
A formal or technical term for wakefulness or arousal, often used in medical or psychological contexts.
It's difficult to maintain a state of wakefulness.
Refers to awakening or the state of being awake, often with a nuance of clarity or enlightenment.
My morning wakefulness is refreshing.
A straightforward phrase meaning 'the state of being awake'. Common in everyday speech.
It's hard to keep the baby in a state of wakefulness.
The quality of being watchful and ready to respond, often in contexts requiring attention.
Vigilance or alertness, especially against danger. Commonly used in security or military contexts.
You must not neglect nighttime wakefulness (vigilance).
Level of alertness or arousal, used in scientific or medical contexts.
Attentiveness or carefulness, implying a state of mental wakefulness.
I admire his wakefulness (attentiveness).
The condition of being unable to sleep, often involuntary.
The act of deliberately remaining awake, e.g., to work or study.
Staying up late, often for leisure or work. Implies intentional wakefulness at night.
I studied with wakefulness (staying up late) before the exam.
Staying awake all night, pulling an all-nighter. Stronger than 夜更かし.
To be awake (intentionally or not). The most basic verb for being awake.
He maintained wakefulness until late.
English 'wakefulness' is often used in abstract or medical contexts. In Japanese, it's more natural to use specific terms depending on whether you mean alertness, sleeplessness, or simply being awake. Avoid directly translating 'wakefulness' as a single word in most everyday situations.
If your level of wakefulness is low, you're more likely to cause an accident.
I finished the report with all-night wakefulness.