Translation guide
The English word 'week' refers to a period of seven days. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 週 (しゅう), but the way you express 'week' depends on context: counting weeks, naming days of the week, or talking about 'this week', 'next week', etc.
Referring to a week as a unit of time, such as 'one week', 'two weeks', etc.
The basic word for 'week'. Used with numbers to count weeks, or in compounds like 今週 (this week).
One week is seven days.
Specifically used for a duration of weeks. Often combined with a number.
Referring to a specific week relative to the present.
Naming the days from Monday to Sunday.
Suffix meaning 'day of the week'. Combined with elements like 月 (moon) to form Monday, etc.
Referring to Saturday and Sunday, or the end of the week.
Weekend. Commonly used for plans or activities.
Referring to Monday through Friday, as opposed to the weekend.
Weekday (non-holiday). Often used in contexts like business hours or regular schedules.
Expressing frequency per week.
Pattern for 'X times a week'. Replace Number with the frequency.
Referring to something that covers or lasts a week.
A week's worth (of something).
週 is the general concept of a week, while 週間 is specifically for duration. When saying 'for X weeks', use 週間. When saying 'this week' or 'next week', use 週 in compounds like 今週.
The days are named after the sun, moon, and five classical planets/elements: 日 (sun), 月 (moon), 火 (fire/Mars), 水 (water/Mercury), 木 (wood/Jupiter), 金 (metal/Venus), 土 (earth/Saturn).
He was in Japan for three weeks.
この薬を二週間飲んでください。
Please take this medicine for two weeks.
This week.
I'm very busy this week.
Next week.
There's a meeting next Monday.
Last week.
I saw a new movie last week.
Every week.
I go to the gym every Friday.
The week after next.
My plans for the week after next aren't decided yet.
The week before last.
I moved the week before last.
What day of the week is it today?
What are you doing this weekend?
I get up early on weekdays.
Loanword from English 'weekday'. Less common than 平日, but used in some contexts like 'weekday specials'.
There's a weekday discount.
I study Japanese three times a week.
I watch a movie once a week.
I bought a week's worth of groceries.
Weekly publication (e.g., magazine).
I like reading weekly magazines.