徒
on foot, junior, emptiness, vanity, futility, uselessness, ephemeral thing, gang, set, party, people
Readings
On'yomi
- ト
Kun'yomi
- いたずら
- あだ
Nanori
- かち
Meaning
徒 centers on the idea of going on foot, which extends to people who follow or walk together (a gang, set, or party) and to things that are empty, vain, or futile—like walking without purpose. The junior sense fits as a follower on foot.
Most common words using 徒
20 of 147- 生徒せいとN4
pupil; student; schoolchild
- 徒歩とほN2
walking; going on foot
- 教徒きょうと
believer; adherent
- 徒人ただびと
ordinary person; untitled individual
- 使徒しと
apostle; disciple
- キリスト教徒キリストきょうと
Christian
- 暴徒ぼうと
rioters; mob; insurgents
- 信徒しんとN3
layman; believer; adherent; follower; laity
- 徒あだ
vain; futile; transient; frivolous
- 異教徒いきょうと
pagan; heretic; heathen
- 学徒がくと
student; follower; students and pupils
- 仏教徒ぶっきょうと
Buddhist
- 徒かち
foot soldier (Edo period); samurai on foot
- 徒然つれづれ
tedium; boredom; ennui
- 聖徒せいと
saint
- 徒党ととう
conspirators; faction; cabal; clique
- 徒労とろう
fruitless effort; wasted effort; abortive scheme; futility
- 徒然草つれづれぐさ
Essays in Idleness by Yoshida Kenkou (1283-1352)
- 徒にいたずらにN1
uselessly; pointlessly; in vain; to no purpose; for nothing; idly
- 徒弟とてい
apprentice
Study
Etymology
徒 combines 彳 (movement) and 走 (run), suggesting going on foot. The extended meanings of futility and emptiness likely developed from the idea of walking without purpose or substance.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 彳 suggests a path or movement, and the right side 走 means run. Picture a group of people moving on foot along a path—a gang or party walking together, which can feel aimless and futile.
Reading mnemonic
For ト, imagine a toe walking on foot: toe -> ト, and the kanji is all about going on foot.