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Kotomora

刑

punish, penalty, sentence, punishment

JLPTN1StatusJōyō · secondary schoolFrequencyTop 1,000Strokes6

Readings

On'yomi

  • ケイ

Kun'yomi

—

Nanori

  • おさか
  • ぎょう

Meaning

刑 centers on the legal consequences of wrongdoing: punishment, penalties, and sentencing. It covers the formal infliction of a penalty by authority.

Most common words using 刑

20 of 151
  • 刑事けいじ
    N3

    (police) detective

  • 刑事でか

    (police) detective

  • 死刑しけい
    N1

    death penalty; capital punishment

  • 処刑しょけい
    N1

    execution

  • 刑務所けいむしょ
    N1

    prison; jail; gaol; penitentiary

  • 刑けい
    N1

    penalty; sentence; punishment

  • 刑法けいほう

    criminal law; penal code

  • 刑罰けいばつ
    N1

    (criminal) punishment; penalty; sentence

  • 受刑じゅけい

    punishment

  • 実刑じっけい

    prison sentence (without a stay of execution)

  • 刑期けいき

    prison term

  • 求刑きゅうけい

    recommended sentence; prosecution's demand for punishment

  • 減刑げんけい

    reduction of penalty; commutation of a sentence

  • 絞首刑こうしゅけい

    death by hanging; execution by hanging

  • 量刑りょうけい

    judge's sentence; assessment of a case

  • 刑務けいむ

    correctional matters (of a crime); prison affairs

  • 刑部けいぶ

    Ministry of Justice (in Tang dynasty China)

  • 流刑りゅうけい

    exile; banishment; deportation

  • 私刑しけい

    punishment without a legal trial; vigilantism

  • 極刑きょっけい

    capital punishment; death penalty; maximum penalty; ultimate punishment

Explore all words using 刑 →

Study

Etymology

刑 combines 开 (a shape associated with a frame or mold) and 刂 (knife), suggesting punishment or cutting as a legal penalty. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the knife component clearly points to punitive action.

Meaning mnemonic

The left side 开 looks like a barred frame or stocks, and the right side 刂 is a knife. Picture a criminal locked in the stocks while a knife is used to carry out the punishment.

Reading mnemonic

For ケイ, imagine a criminal receiving a harsh punishment and crying out 'Kay!' in pain: Kay -> ケイ, as the knife enforces the penalty.