勤
diligence, become employed, serve
Readings
On'yomi
- キン
- ゴン
Kun'yomi
- つと.める
- -づと.め
- つと.まる
- いそ.しむ
Meaning
勤 centers on sustained effort and commitment: working diligently, being employed, or serving in a role. The idea of becoming employed is a natural application of applying oneself steadily.
Most common words using 勤
20 of 147- 勤務きんむN2
service; duty; work
- 通勤つうきんN3
commuting to work
- 出勤しゅっきんN3
going to work; leaving for work; attendance (at work); being at work; presence (in the office); reporting for work
- 勤めつとめN3
service; duty; business; responsibility; task
- 勤めるつとめるN5
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in)
- 夜勤やきん
night duty; night shift; night work
- 転勤てんきんN3
job transfer; job relocation; intra-company transfer
- 非常勤ひじょうきんN1
part-time work
- 勤労きんろうN1
labor; labour; exertion; diligent service
- 勤勉きんべんN1
diligent; hard-working; industrious
- 勤しむいそしむ
to work hard at; to devote oneself to; to be diligent in
- 常勤じょうきんN1
full-time employment
- 勤め先つとめさきN1
place of work
- 欠勤けっきん
absence (from work)
- 勤続きんぞくN1
continuous service
- 皆勤かいきん
perfect attendance
- 日勤にっきん
day shift; day duty; day work
- 参勤交代さんきんこうたい
daimyo's alternating Edo residence; official attendance service (by a daimyo in the Edo period)
- 退勤たいきん
leaving work; clocking out
- 内勤ないきん
office work; desk work; indoor work
Study
Etymology
勤 combines 堇 (historically associated with clay or hardship) and 力 (strength/effort), suggesting putting effort into difficult work. The exact historical development of 堇 is uncertain, but the overall idea of diligent effort is clear.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 堇 looks like a person working hard in a field, and the right side 力 is strength. Picture someone putting all their strength into diligent work, day after day.
Reading mnemonic
For キン, imagine a diligent worker who is keen to serve: keen -> キン, and their keen attitude shows in their steady effort.