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Kotomora

勤

diligence, become employed, serve

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 6FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes12

Readings

On'yomi

  • キン
  • ゴン

Kun'yomi

  • つと.める
  • -づと.め
  • つと.まる
  • いそ.しむ

Meaning

勤 centers on sustained effort and commitment: working diligently, being employed, or serving in a role. The idea of becoming employed is a natural application of applying oneself steadily.

Most common words using 勤

20 of 147
  • 勤務きんむ
    N2

    service; duty; work

  • 通勤つうきん
    N3

    commuting to work

  • 出勤しゅっきん
    N3

    going to work; leaving for work; attendance (at work); being at work; presence (in the office); reporting for work

  • 勤めつとめ
    N3

    service; duty; business; responsibility; task

  • 勤めるつとめる
    N5

    to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in)

  • 夜勤やきん

    night duty; night shift; night work

  • 転勤てんきん
    N3

    job transfer; job relocation; intra-company transfer

  • 非常勤ひじょうきん
    N1

    part-time work

  • 勤労きんろう
    N1

    labor; labour; exertion; diligent service

  • 勤勉きんべん
    N1

    diligent; hard-working; industrious

  • 勤しむいそしむ

    to work hard at; to devote oneself to; to be diligent in

  • 常勤じょうきん
    N1

    full-time employment

  • 勤め先つとめさき
    N1

    place of work

  • 欠勤けっきん

    absence (from work)

  • 勤続きんぞく
    N1

    continuous service

  • 皆勤かいきん

    perfect attendance

  • 日勤にっきん

    day shift; day duty; day work

  • 参勤交代さんきんこうたい

    daimyo's alternating Edo residence; official attendance service (by a daimyo in the Edo period)

  • 退勤たいきん

    leaving work; clocking out

  • 内勤ないきん

    office work; desk work; indoor work

Explore all words using 勤 →

Study

Etymology

勤 combines 堇 (historically associated with clay or hardship) and 力 (strength/effort), suggesting putting effort into difficult work. The exact historical development of 堇 is uncertain, but the overall idea of diligent effort is clear.

Meaning mnemonic

The left side 堇 looks like a person working hard in a field, and the right side 力 is strength. Picture someone putting all their strength into diligent work, day after day.

Reading mnemonic

For キン, imagine a diligent worker who is keen to serve: keen -> キン, and their keen attitude shows in their steady effort.