extract, pull out, pilfer, quote, remove, omit
拔 centers on pulling something out or away: extracting, removing, or omitting. The senses of pilfering and quoting are natural extensions of taking something out of its original place.
拔 combines 扌 (hand) with 犮, which likely contributes the sound and suggests pulling or extracting by hand. The exact historical development of 犮 is uncertain.
The hand 扌 beside 犮 looks like a hand pulling a tangled root out of the ground. Picture yanking something free with effort.
For バツ, imagine pulling out a stubborn bat from a cave: bat -> バツ, and your hand extracts it.