罰
penalty, punishment
Readings
On'yomi
- バツ
- バチ
- ハツ
Kun'yomi
- ばっ.する
Meaning
罰 centers on a negative consequence for wrongdoing: a penalty or punishment imposed to correct or deter.
Most common words using 罰
20 of 57- 罰ばちN1
(divine) punishment; curse; retribution
- 罰ばつN1
punishment; penalty
- 罰金ばっきんN1
fine; penalty
- 処罰しょばつN1
punishment; penalty
- 罰するばっするN3
to punish; to penalize; to penalise
- 罰則ばっそくN1
punishment; penalty
- 刑罰けいばつN1
(criminal) punishment; penalty; sentence
- 懲罰ちょうばつ
discipline; punishment; reprimand
- 体罰たいばつ
corporal punishment
- 天罰てんばつ
divine punishment; wrath of God; justice of heaven; nemesis
- 厳罰げんばつ
severe punishment; rigorous measures
- 罰当たりばちあたり
damned; cursed; accursed
- 神罰しんばつ
divine punishment
- 賞罰しょうばつN1
reward and punishment
- 重罰じゅうばつ
heavy punishment
- 罰点ばってんN1
cross mark; demerit mark; an X
- 懲罰委員会ちょうばついいんかい
disciplinary committee
- 一罰百戒いちばつひゃっかい
punishing a crime to make an example for others
- 仏罰ぶつばち
punishment by Buddha; divine retribution
- 代理処罰だいりしょばつ
proxy punishment (system of punishment under the laws of a country to which a perpetrator has fled)
Study
Etymology
罰 combines 罒 (net) with 䚯 (a component related to words and a knife), suggesting a net of words and cutting used to impose punishment. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the idea of a penalty enforced through authority is clear.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 罒 is a net, and the bottom 䚯 looks like words (言) and a knife (刂). Imagine a net of sharp words and a knife ready to deliver a penalty.
Reading mnemonic
For バツ, imagine a judge banging a gavel and shouting 'Batsu!' as they hand down a punishment. The sharp sound 'batsu' cues バツ.