背
stature, height, back, behind, disobey, defy, go back on, rebel
Readings
On'yomi
- ハイ
Kun'yomi
- せ
- せい
- そむ.く
- そむ.ける
Meaning
背 centers on the back side of something: the physical back of a body, the rear of an object, or the figurative idea of turning one's back on something, which leads to disobeying, defying, or rebelling. The stature/height sense is a related extension from the back's role in posture.
Most common words using 背
20 of 208- 背景はいけいN2
background; scenery; backdrop; setting
- 背中せなかN4
back (of the body)
- 背せいN3
height; stature
- 背せN5
back
- 背負うせおうN2
to carry on one's back
- 背後はいごN1
back; rear
- 背面はいめん
rear; back; reverse
- 背筋せすじ
spine; line of the backbone
- 背番号せばんごう
number on the back of a player's uniform; uniform number; shirt number; squad number
- 背骨せぼねN1
spine; backbone; spinal column
- 背徳はいとく
corruption; immorality; lapse from virtue; fall from virtue
- 背けるそむける
to turn (one's face) away; to avert (one's eyes)
- 猫背ねこぜN1
bent back; hunchback; stoop
- 背くそむくN1
to run counter to; to go against; to disobey; to infringe
- 背伸びせのび
standing on tiptoe and stretching one's back to make oneself taller; stretching oneself
- 背広せびろN5
business suit
- 背丈せたけ
stature; height
- 背もたれせもたれ
back (of a chair); backrest
- 背部はいぶ
(one's) back
- 背中合わせせなかあわせ
back-to-back; facing in opposite directions
Study
Etymology
背 combines 北 (originally depicting two people back-to-back, suggesting 'back') with 月 (flesh/body part), reinforcing the idea of the back of the body. The modern form preserves this structure clearly.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 北 looks like two people standing back-to-back, and the bottom 月 is flesh. Together they show the fleshy back of a person. Turning your back on someone can mean disobeying or rebelling.
Reading mnemonic
For ハイ, imagine someone turning their back and waving 'Hi!' sarcastically while walking away: Hi -> ハイ, and the back is turned in defiance.