要
need, main point, essence, pivot, key to
Readings
On'yomi
- ヨウ
Kun'yomi
- い.る
- かなめ
Nanori
- とし
Meaning
要 centers on the central, indispensable part of something: the essence, the main point, or the pivot that everything else depends on. The sense of 'need' follows naturally from that idea of something essential.
Most common words using 要
24 of 416- 必要ひつようN4
necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
- 重要じゅうようN3
important; essential; significant; major; key; principal
- 要素ようそN3
component; factor; item (e.g. in list)
- 要求ようきゅうN3
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
- 要るいるN5
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
- 不要ふようN1
unnecessary; unneeded
- 需要じゅようN3
demand; need
- 要かなめN1
pivot
- 要請ようせいN1
appeal; call for something; request; claim; demand
- 主要しゅようN2
chief; main; principal; major
- 要因よういんN1
main cause; primary factor
- 要望ようぼうN1
demand for; request
- 概要がいようN1
outline; summary; overview; synopsis; abstract; abridgment; abridgement
- 要するようするN1
to need; to demand; to take; to require
- 要するにようするにN3
in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; after all
- 要件ようけん
important matter
- 強要きょうようN1
coercion; extortion; compulsion; force
- 要員よういん
(necessary) personnel; required person
- 要はようは
in short; the point is; the important thing is; in a word; basically
- 要領ようりょうN2
point; gist; essentials; tenets; outline
- 要約ようやくN2
summary; digest
- 所要しょよう
required; needed; necessary
- 要点ようてんN2
gist; main point
- 要人ようじん
important person
Study
Etymology
要 originally depicted a person with hands on the waist, emphasizing the central, pivotal part of the body. Over time, the character evolved to represent the abstract idea of something essential or central.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 覀 looks like a covered container, and the bottom 女 is a woman. Imagine a woman holding a box that contains the one essential thing everyone needs—the key to everything.
Reading mnemonic
For ヨウ, imagine the essential pivot of a yo-yo: the central axle that everything spins around. Yo-yo -> ヨウ, and the pivot is the key to the toy's movement.