also: させる
せる · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | せる | せない |
| Polite | せます | せません |
| Past polite | せました | せませんでした |
| Past | せた | せなかった |
| Te-form | せて | せないで |
| Desire | せたい | せたくない |
| Potential | せられるalso せれる | せられないalso せれない |
| Passive | せられる | せられない |
| Causative | せさせる | せさせない |
| Causative passive | せさせられる | せさせられない |
| Volitional | せよう | |
| Polite volitional | せましょう | |
| Imperative | せろ | せるな |
| Conditional | せれば | せなければ |
| Tara conditional | せたら | せなかったら |
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
make someone do; let someone do; causative
Expresses causation: making or letting someone do something. せる attaches to the -nai stem of godan verbs and to suru as させる; させる attaches to the -nai stem of ichidan and kuru verbs.
My mother made me eat vegetables.
The teacher made the students do their homework.
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
allow to do; let do; permissive
Indicates permission or allowing someone to do something. Often used when the subject grants permission or does not prevent an action.
My father let me go study abroad.
I let the children play in the park.
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
honorific auxiliary; respectful expression for others' actions
Used in honorific constructions like 〜(さ)せられる, あら〜せられる, or 〜(さ)せ給う to show respect toward the subject of the action. Archaic or highly formal in modern Japanese.
His Majesty the Emperor attended the ceremony (honorific).
In old documents, expressions like 'おおせいださせたまう' (deign to command) are found.
The teacher had the student read the book.
Please let me rest for a bit.
That news made her cry.
He was made to work overtime by his boss.