expression
as; in the role of; from the viewpoint of
Marks a role, capacity, or standpoint. Follows a noun or noun phrase.
彼は医者として有名だ。
He is famous as a doctor.
私としては、その計画に賛成です。
As for me, I agree with the plan.
expression
apart from ...; leaving aside ...
Used to change the topic or set something aside, often followed by a new subject. Common in patterns like ～は別として.
冗談は別として、本題に入りましょう。
Joking aside, let's get to the main topic.
expression
even; not even
Used before a negative form to emphasize that something is completely absent. Often follows a counter or a minimal unit like 一人.
一人として来なかった。
Not even one person came.
expression
thinking that ...; trying to ...
Follows a volitional form (～ようとして) to express an attempt or intention. Related to とする.
See also: とする
彼は早く起きようとして、目覚ましをかけた。
Trying to wake up early, he set an alarm.