He is good at sports such as tennis and soccer.
Japan has many famous tourist spots, such as Mt. Fuji and Kyoto.
We discussed social issues such as environmental problems and the declining birthrate.
など simply adds 'etc.' after a list, whereas といった explicitly frames the listed items as examples of a larger category.
Derived from the quotative と plus the past tense of 言う (to say), literally 'said to be', which grammaticalized into a conjunction meaning 'such as'.