noun
Latin square
A mathematical term for an n×n array filled with n different symbols, each occurring exactly once in each row and column. Used in combinatorics and experimental design.
ラテン方陣は実験計画法でよく使われる。
Latin squares are often used in experimental design.
魔方陣 (magic square) is a square grid where numbers in each row, column, and diagonal sum to the same total, while ラテン方陣 focuses on symbol arrangement without repetition per row/column.
From English 'Latin square', a term coined by Leonhard Euler. The Japanese term is a direct calque using ラテン (Latin) and 方陣 (square arrangement).