Refers to the practice or system of having only one spouse at a time. Often used in formal or sociological contexts. The cross-referenced term 一夫一婦 is a more common synonym.
Monogamy is legally established in many countries.
この社会では一夫一妻の制度が基本だ。
In this society, the system of monogamy is fundamental.
Etymology
Compound of 一夫 (one husband) and 一妻 (one wife), directly expressing the concept of monogamy. The reading いっぷいっさい follows standard rendaku and sokuon patterns.