noun
multiplication table
Refers to the grid or chart showing multiplication facts, typically 1×1 through 9×9. Often used in elementary math contexts.
小学生のとき、九九の表を暗記した。
When I was in elementary school, I memorized the multiplication table.
九九 refers to the multiplication facts themselves or the act of reciting them, while 九九の表 specifically means the printed or written chart.
Compound of 九九 (multiplication) + の (possessive particle) + 表 (table, chart). The term 九九 itself comes from the traditional Chinese multiplication table that originally went up to 9×9.