noun
personal union
A political arrangement where two or more states share the same monarch but remain separate entities. Contrasts with 物的同君連合 (real union).
See also: 物的同君連合
17世紀のイングランドとスコットランドは人的同君連合の状態にあった。
In the 17th century, England and Scotland were in a personal union.
物的同君連合 (real union) involves a deeper integration of institutions, not just a shared monarch.
Compound of 人的 (personal) + 同君 (same monarch) + 連合 (union). A calque from Western political terminology.