noun
complete enumeration; census; full-count survey
Statistics term for surveying every member of a population, as opposed to sampling.
国勢調査は全数調査の代表例です。
The national census is a typical example of a complete enumeration.
標本調査 is a sample survey, examining only a subset of the population, while 全数調査 surveys every individual.
Compound of 全数 (all numbers, entire count) and 調査 (investigation, survey).