taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
commanding; awe-inspiring; dignified
Describes a person, attitude, or atmosphere that is sternly dignified and inspires respect or awe. Often used in literary descriptions.
taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
bitterly cold; piercing
Used for cold that is sharp and severe, often in literary or poetic descriptions of weather.
The piercing cold bit into my skin.
Everyone was overwhelmed by his commanding demeanor.
Standard kanji form; 凛 is a jinmeiyō kanji but widely used in literary contexts.
Variant form using the kyūjitai of 凛; rarely encountered in modern texts.
Compound of 凛 (dignified, cold) and 然 (state, manner). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word follows a classical pattern of forming taru-adjectives.