noun
intake tower; outlet tower
A tower-like structure built in a reservoir or lake to draw water into a dam or water supply system. The term covers both intake and outlet functions depending on context.
ダム湖の中央に取水塔が立っている。
An intake tower stands in the middle of the dam lake.
取水塔から水が導水管に流れ込む。
Water flows from the intake tower into the penstock.
放水塔 is an outlet tower for releasing water, whereas 取水塔 can serve both intake and outlet purposes.
Compound of 取水 (water intake) and 塔 (tower). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term is a straightforward technical compound.