isolating language
A linguistic term for a language where words generally consist of a single morpheme and grammatical relationships are shown by word order and particles rather than inflection.
Chinese is often cited as a typical example of an isolating language.
Fusional language, where a single affix may convey multiple grammatical meanings and morpheme boundaries are less clear (e.g., Latin, Russian).
Compound of 孤立 (isolation) + 語 (language), calque from Western linguistic terminology.