noun
court painter
An artist officially employed by a royal or imperial court to produce portraits, historical scenes, and decorative works.
ベラスケスはスペインの宮廷画家として有名だ。
Velázquez is famous as a Spanish court painter.
画家 is a general term for painter or artist, while 宮廷画家 specifically refers to a painter employed by a court.
Compound of 宮廷 (court) and 画家 (painter).