noun
low birth rate and low mortality rate
A demographic term describing a society with both low fertility and low death rates, often used in discussions of population aging.
少産少死の時代には、高齢化が進む。
In an era of low birth and low death rates, the population ages.
少子高齢化 focuses on the combination of low birth rate and aging society, while 少産少死 explicitly pairs low birth rate with low mortality rate.
A yojijukugo composed of 少 (few), 産 (birth), 少 (few), and 死 (death), literally 'few births, few deaths'. The exact origin is uncertain, but it is a modern demographic term.