noun
referee for the third-highest sumo division
A sumo referee rank; officiates matches in the makushita division. This is a specific title within the sumo world.
幕下格の行司が土俵に上がった。
The referee of makushita rank stepped onto the ring.
幕下 is the third-highest division in sumo; 幕下格 is the referee rank corresponding to that division.
Compound of 幕下 (makushita, the third-highest sumo division) and 格 (kaku, status/rank). The term is specific to sumo officiating hierarchy.