status, rank, capacity, character, case (law, grammar)
格 centers on a framework that defines position or quality: a person's status or rank, the capacity or character of something, and the grammatical or legal cases that structure language and law.
格 combines 木 (tree, wood) with 各, which likely contributes the sound. The original sense may relate to a wooden framework or pattern, later extending to abstract standards and categories.
A wooden (木) framework (各 suggests a pattern) sets the standard: 格 is the structure that determines status, rank, or category.
For カク, imagine a wooden rack (カク) where each shelf marks a different rank: rack -> カク, and the wooden frame defines the status.
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price; value; cost
character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature
qualifications; requirements; capabilities
original method; original procedure; genuine way (of doing something)
attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat; with-it; groovy
passing (an exam); pass; success; passing grade
shape; form; figure; posture; pose
status; position; rank
standard; norm
personality; character; individuality; personhood
(hand-to-hand) fight; grapple; scuffle; tussle
(very) cheap; (very) inexpensive; cut-price; bargain (price)
qualitative difference; disparity; gap
disqualification; elimination; incapacity
strict; severe; stern; rigid; rigorous; tough
promotion; raising of status
skeleton; skeletal structure; build; frame; physique
build; physique; frame; constitution
lattice; latticework; window bars; grid; grating; trellis
dramatic (improvement); remarkable (difference); marked; noticeable
rating; ranking; grading; classification
demotion; relegation; downgrading
eligible; qualified; competent
particular; special; exceptional; especial
extraordinary; exceptional; unprecedented; special; abnormal; irregular
dignity; quality; grace; panache; level
personality; style; appearance
status elevation; upgrading; promotion
(examination) failure; rejection; disqualification
low price
retail price
regularization; regularisation; getting up speed; proceeding at full tilt
genuine; real; authentic; standard; orthodox
discount airline ticket
unqualified; unlicensed; uncertified
discount price; special offer price