Mass; Catholic Mass
Refers specifically to the Catholic Eucharistic liturgy. The word is a direct loan from Latin 'missa'.
from Latin missa
I attend Mass every Sunday.
I attended Mass at church on Sunday.
During Mass, one prays quietly.
The priest offered Mass for the believers.
A grand Mass was held at the cathedral.
聖餐 refers to the sacrament of Holy Communion itself, especially in Protestant usage, while ミサ names the whole Catholic Mass service that includes it.
Standard katakana spelling for the Catholic Mass; usually written in kana.
Ateji spelling; rarely used and primarily of historical interest.
Borrowed from Latin 'missa', likely via Portuguese or early Christian missionary contact. The ateji spelling 弥撒 is a phonetic rendering.