noun
profit and loss account
An accounting term for a statement summarizing revenues, costs, and expenses over a period.
期末に損益勘定を作成する。
We prepare a profit and loss account at the end of the period.
損益計算書 is the more common modern term for 'income statement' or 'P&L statement', while 損益勘定 is an older or more formal accounting term for the same concept.
Compound of 損益 (profit and loss) + 勘定 (account, calculation). The exact historical derivation is uncertain; the spelling is conventionally associated with accounting.