This way of thinking might be old-fashioned.
pre-noun adjectival
last (couple of years, etc.); these; past
Used with time expressions to refer to a recent stretch of time, often implying 'the last few...' or 'these past...'. Common with words like 数日, 数年, ところ.
この数年、海外旅行に行っていない。
I haven't traveled abroad these past few years.
このところ忙しくて休めない。
I've been so busy lately I can't take a break.
pre-noun adjectival
Emphatic, accusatory, or insulting use before a noun referring to a person. Often translates to 'you' in English, but grammatically still a pre-noun adjective. Strongly colloquial and rude.
Rare kanji form; learners should use この.
その refers to something close to the listener or previously mentioned, while この refers to something close to the speaker.
あの refers to something distant from both speaker and listener, while この refers to something close to the speaker.
どの is the interrogative counterpart ('which'), while この is the proximal demonstrative ('this').
Derived from the proximal demonstrative こ (ko) + the old possessive/genitive particle の (no). The kanji forms 此の and 斯の are historical and rarely used in modern Japanese.