Refers to a tarnished reputation or the shame attached to a person, group, or action. Often used in phrases like 汚名をそそぐ (clear one's name) or 汚名を着せられる (be stigmatized).
He was stigmatized by suspicion of fraud.
The team gave their all to restore their reputation.
He was innocent, but he was branded with disgrace anyway.
She cleared her name in court.
The incident left a lasting stain on the company's history.
He ended up bearing the stigma of being a defeated general.
汚点 is a single blemish or black mark on a record, while 汚名 is the broader bad reputation that can result from one or more such blemishes.
汚名 refers to a tarnished reputation or stigma attached to one's name, whereas 恥辱 is the raw feeling or state of disgrace itself.
clearing one's name; redeeming oneself; restoring one's honor
Compound of 汚 (お, 'dirty, defile') and 名 (めい, 'name, reputation'). The reading おめい is the on'yomi of both characters.