皇こう后ごう陛へい下か

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Meanings

1

noun

Her Majesty the Empress

honorific or respectful (sonkeigo)

Honorific title used for the Empress of Japan. Used in formal contexts and official announcements.

皇emperor

后empress, queen, after

陛highness, steps (of throne)

下below, down, descend

天皇てんのう陛へい下か
Refers to His Majesty the Emperor, the male counterpart.
皇こう后ごう
Means 'Empress' without the honorific 陛下; less formal and not used as a direct title of address.

Compound of 皇后 (empress) and 陛下 (Your/Her Majesty). The term follows standard Japanese imperial honorific patterns.