noun
thin futon; lightweight comforter
A thinner futon or blanket used directly against the skin, often in warmer weather or as a light cover. The term emphasizes its use as a coverlet rather than a thick duvet.
夏は肌掛け布団一枚で十分です。
In summer, one thin futon is enough.
肌掛け布団をかけて昼寝をした。
I took a nap with a lightweight comforter over me.
掛け布団 is a general term for a duvet or comforter, which can be thick or thin. 肌掛け布団 specifically refers to a thinner type meant to be in direct contact with the skin, often used alone in warm weather.
毛布 is a blanket, typically made of wool or synthetic fleece. 肌掛け布団 is a futon-style cover, usually cotton-filled, and is part of traditional Japanese bedding.
Compound of 肌 (hada, 'skin') + 掛け (kake, 'hanging' or 'covering') + 布団 (futon, 'futon'). The reading はだかけぶとん is a variant with rendaku voicing on the second element.