ichidan verb, intransitive verb
fall behind; drop out; be left behind
Used when someone cannot keep up with a group, especially in academic or competitive settings. Often implies being excluded or failing to meet standards.
彼は授業についていけず、落ちこぼれてしまった。
He couldn't keep up with the class and fell behind.
落
I study every day so I won't be left behind.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
Describes something physically falling or spilling out of a container or from a height. Less common than sense 1; often replaced by 落ちる or こぼれる in modern speech.
袋から米が落ちこぼれた。
Rice spilled out of the bag.