na-adjective
superficial; surface-level
Describes something that is only on the surface, lacking depth or thoroughness. Often used in formal or analytical contexts.
彼の分析は表層性で、問題の本質に触れていない。
His analysis is superficial and doesn't touch the essence of the problem.
表
With a superficial understanding, you can't discuss this topic in depth.
Compound of 表層 (surface layer) and 性 (nature, quality), literally 'surface-layer nature'. The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but it follows a common pattern for forming abstract nouns and adjectival nouns.