ずに

expression

without doing

Attaches to the negative stem (nai-stem) of verbs; for サ変 verbs, use せずに. Expresses that an action is not performed while another action occurs. Often interchangeable with ないで, but ずに is slightly more formal or literary.

See also: ないで

• 朝あさごはんを食たべずに学がっ校こうへ行いった。

  I went to school without eating breakfast.

• 彼かれは何なにも言いわずに部屋へやを出でて行いった。

  He left the room without saying anything.

• 勉べん強きょうせずに試し験けんを受うけるのは無む理りだ。

  It's impossible to take the exam without studying.