noun
Political term referring to a legislature with two chambers, such as the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors in Japan.
日本は二院制度を採用している。
Japan adopts a bicameral system.
一院制 is a unicameral system with a single legislative chamber, while 二院制度 is a bicameral system with two chambers.
Compound of 二 (two), 院 (institution, chamber), and 制度 (system). The term is a direct translation of the Western political concept of bicameralism.