personal union
A political arrangement where two or more states share the same monarch but remain separate entities. Contrasts with 物的同君連合 (real union).
See also: 物的同君連合
In the 17th century, England and Scotland were in a personal union.
物的同君連合 (real union) involves a deeper integration of institutions, not just a shared monarch.
Compound of 人的 (personal) + 同君 (same monarch) + 連合 (union). A calque from Western political terminology.