court of arbitration
A court that resolves disputes outside of ordinary litigation, often used in international or commercial contexts.
Disputes in international commercial transactions are often resolved in a court of arbitration.
裁判所 is a general court of law, while 仲裁裁判所 specifically handles arbitration.
仲裁 is the act of arbitration itself; 仲裁裁判所 is the institution that performs it.
Compound of 仲裁 (arbitration) and 裁判所 (court). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term is a straightforward modern legal compound.