任ずる · zuru verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 任ずる | 任じない |
| Polite | 任じます | 任じません |
| Past polite | 任じました | 任じませんでした |
| Past | 任じた | 任じなかった |
| Te-form | 任じて | 任じないで |
| Desire | 任じたい | 任じたくない |
| Potential | 任じられるalso formal 任ぜられる | 任じられないalso formal 任ぜられない |
| Passive | 任じられるalso formal 任ぜられる | 任じられないalso formal 任ぜられない |
| Causative | 任じさせる | 任じさせない |
| Causative passive | 任じさせられる | 任じさせられない |
| Volitional | 任じよう | |
| Polite volitional | 任じましょう | |
| Imperative | 任じろalso written 任ぜよ | 任ずるな |
| Conditional | 任じればalso 任ずれば | 任じなければ |
| Tara conditional | 任じたら | 任じなかったら |
Used when someone is formally appointed or nominated to a position, role, or duty. Often seen in official or organizational contexts.
We appoint him as committee chair.
A personnel change appointing a new director was announced.
assume (responsibility); take on (a duty)
Used when someone takes on a responsibility, duty, or role, often with a sense of formality or obligation. Common in phrases like 責任を任ずる.
He assumed that duty.
The president stated that he would assume full responsibility.
Used when someone pretends to be something they are not, often in a deceptive or theatrical sense. Less common than the other senses.
He poses as a gentleman, but in reality he is not.