修める · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 修める | 修めない |
| Polite | 修めます | 修めません |
| Past polite | 修めました | 修めませんでした |
| Past | 修めた | 修めなかった |
| Te-form | 修めて | 修めないで |
| Desire | 修めたい | 修めたくない |
| Potential | 修められるalso 修めれる | 修められないalso 修めれない |
| Passive | 修められる | 修められない |
| Causative | 修めさせる | 修めさせない |
| Causative passive | 修めさせられる | 修めさせられない |
| Volitional | 修めよう | |
| Polite volitional | 修めましょう | |
| Imperative | 修めろ | 修めるな |
| Conditional | 修めれば | 修めなければ |
| Tara conditional | 修めたら | 修めなかったら |
ichidan verb, transitive verb
study; complete a course; master; cultivate
Used for pursuing academic subjects, skills, or personal cultivation with dedication. Often implies completing a course of study or achieving mastery.
He studied economics at university.
It takes time to master a language.
ichidan verb, transitive verb
order one's life; conduct oneself properly
Used in the set phrase 身を修める, meaning to lead a disciplined, moral life or to cultivate oneself.
It is important to discipline oneself while young.
ichidan verb, transitive verb
make amends for; repair a fault
Used in the set phrase 過ちを修める, meaning to correct or make up for one's own mistake. Somewhat formal and less common in everyday speech.
He worked hard to make amends for his mistake.
He studied economics at university.
From a young age, he made an effort to cultivate virtue.
He made amends for his mistake and started over.