public record
Refers to official documents or records that are open to the public, such as government minutes, court records, or publicly filed documents.
I inspect the public record of the trial.
I requested a copy of the public record at the city hall.
公開記録 is a more descriptive phrase meaning 'disclosed record', whereas 公記録 is a compact noun often used in legal or administrative contexts.
Compound of 公 (public) and 記録 (record). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word follows standard Sino-Japanese compounding patterns.