公
public, prince, official, governmental
Readings
On'yomi
- コウ
- ク
Kun'yomi
- おおやけ
Nanori
- あきら
- き
- きみ
- きん
- たか
- ただし
- とも
- ひろ
- まさ
Meaning
公 centers on what is open and shared by a group rather than private: public affairs, official roles, and governmental authority. The prince sense is a specific historical application of a high-ranking public figure.
Most common words using 公
24 of 758- 公開こうかいN1
opening to the public; making available to the public; exhibiting; unveiling; release (of a film, information, etc.); disclosure; publication
- 公式こうしきN2
official; formal
- 公演こうえんN1
public performance
- 公園こうえんN5
(public) park
- 主人公しゅじんこうN2
protagonist; main character; hero; heroine
- 公おおやけN2
official; governmental; formal
- 公共こうきょうN2
public (facilities, service, etc.); communal
- 公表こうひょうN2
official announcement; proclamation
- 公務員こうむいんN4
public employee; government employee; public-sector worker; public servant; civil servant
- 公認こうにんN1
official recognition; official approval; certification; authorization; authorisation
- 公平こうへいN3
fairness; impartiality; justice; objectivity
- 公正こうせいN2
justice; fairness; impartiality
- 公的こうてきN1
public; official
- 公衆こうしゅうN2
the public; general public
- 公立こうりつN2
public (institution)
- 非公開ひこうかいN3
private; non-public; secret; closed-door; closed
- 公明党こうめいとう
Komeito (Japanese political party)
- 公安こうあん
public peace; public safety; public security; peace and order
- 非公式ひこうしきN3
informal; unofficial
- 公益こうえき
public interest; public benefit; public good
- 公言こうげんN1
declaration; profession
- 公募こうぼN1
public appeal (e.g. for contributions); public advertisement (of a post); open recruitment
- 不公平ふこうへいN1
unfairness; injustice; partiality
- 公文書こうぶんしょ
official document; archives
Study
Etymology
公 is traditionally explained as 八 (division) and 厶 (private), suggesting opening up what is private to make it public. This component analysis is widely accepted.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 八 looks like dividing lines, and the bottom 厶 resembles a private enclosure. Together they show something private being opened up and divided among everyone: that is public.
Reading mnemonic
For コウ, imagine a public announcement made by a loud gong: gong -> コウ, and the sound spreads openly to everyone.