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Kotomora

公

public, prince, official, governmental

JLPTN2StatusJōyō · grade 2FrequencyTop 200Strokes4

Readings

On'yomi

  • コウ
  • ク

Kun'yomi

  • おおやけ

Nanori

  • あきら
  • き
  • きみ
  • きん

Meaning

公 centers on what is open and shared by a group rather than private: public affairs, official roles, and governmental authority. The prince sense is a specific historical application of a high-ranking public figure.

Most common words using 公

24 of 758
  • 公開こうかい
    N1

    opening to the public; making available to the public; exhibiting; unveiling; release (of a film, information, etc.); disclosure; publication

  • 公式こうしき
    N2

    official; formal

  • 公演こうえん
    N1

    public performance

  • 公園こうえん
    N5

    (public) park

  • 主人公しゅじんこう
    N2

    protagonist; main character; hero; heroine

  • 公おおやけ
    N2

    official; governmental; formal

  • 公共こうきょう
    N2

    public (facilities, service, etc.); communal

  • 公表こうひょう
    N2

    official announcement; proclamation

  • 公務員こうむいん
    N4

    public employee; government employee; public-sector worker; public servant; civil servant

  • 公認こうにん
    N1

    official recognition; official approval; certification; authorization; authorisation

  • 公平こうへい
    N3

    fairness; impartiality; justice; objectivity

  • 公正こうせい
    N2

    justice; fairness; impartiality

  • 公的こうてき
    N1

    public; official

  • 公衆こうしゅう
    N2

    the public; general public

  • 公立こうりつ
    N2

    public (institution)

  • 非公開ひこうかい
    N3

    private; non-public; secret; closed-door; closed

  • 公明党こうめいとう

    Komeito (Japanese political party)

  • 公安こうあん

    public peace; public safety; public security; peace and order

  • 非公式ひこうしき
    N3

    informal; unofficial

  • 公益こうえき

    public interest; public benefit; public good

  • 公言こうげん
    N1

    declaration; profession

  • 公募こうぼ
    N1

    public appeal (e.g. for contributions); public advertisement (of a post); open recruitment

  • 不公平ふこうへい
    N1

    unfairness; injustice; partiality

  • 公文書こうぶんしょ

    official document; archives

Explore all words using 公 →

Study

Etymology

公 is traditionally explained as 八 (division) and 厶 (private), suggesting opening up what is private to make it public. This component analysis is widely accepted.

Meaning mnemonic

The top 八 looks like dividing lines, and the bottom 厶 resembles a private enclosure. Together they show something private being opened up and divided among everyone: that is public.

Reading mnemonic

For コウ, imagine a public announcement made by a loud gong: gong -> コウ, and the sound spreads openly to everyone.