凝らす
JLPTN1
Pairs withこごる
凝らす · godan verb (-su)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 凝らす | 凝らさない |
| Polite | 凝らします | 凝らしません |
| Past polite | 凝らしました | 凝らしませんでした |
| Past | 凝らした | 凝らさなかった |
| Te-form | 凝らして | 凝らさないで |
| Desire | 凝らしたい | 凝らしたくない |
| Potential | 凝らせる | 凝らせない |
| Passive | 凝らされる | 凝らされない |
| Causative | 凝らさせる | 凝らさせない |
| Causative passive | 凝らさせられる | 凝らさせられない |
| Volitional | 凝らそう | |
| Polite volitional | 凝らしましょう | |
| Imperative | 凝らせ | 凝らすな |
| Conditional | 凝らせば | 凝らさなければ |
| Tara conditional | 凝らしたら | 凝らさなかったら |
Meanings
1
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
Transitive: to cause something to freeze or solidify. Less common than intransitive 凝る (こごる). Often used for liquids or soft substances.
The cold froze the lake water.
2
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
concentrate; focus; devote oneself
Used with nouns like 心, 注意, 精神, 工夫 to mean focusing one's mind or efforts on something. Often appears in set phrases such as 心を凝らす or 工夫を凝らす.
He is devoting himself to his research.
The craftsman put careful thought into the details.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉に工夫を凝らすto put ingenuity/creative effort into something
A lot of creative effort has gone into how this dish looks.
- 目を凝らすto stare intently, straining one's eyes to see something
I strained my eyes in the darkness, trying to find something.
- 心を凝らすto focus one's mind wholly on something
He poured his full concentration into painting the picture.