前後
前後する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 前後する | 前後しない |
| Polite | 前後します | 前後しません |
| Past polite | 前後しました | 前後しませんでした |
| Past | 前後した | 前後しなかった |
| Te-form | 前後して | 前後しないで |
| Desire | 前後したい | 前後したくない |
| Potential | 前後できる | 前後できない |
| Passive | 前後される | 前後されない |
| Causative | 前後させる | 前後させない |
| Causative passive | 前後させられる | 前後させられない |
| Volitional | 前後しよう | |
| Polite volitional | 前後しましょう | |
| Imperative | 前後しろ | 前後するな |
| Conditional | 前後すれば | 前後しなければ |
| Tara conditional | 前後したら | 前後しなかったら |
Meanings
front and back; before and behind; back and forth
Refers to physical front/rear or spatial before/behind. Also used for back-and-forth movement.
Please check the front and rear of the car before moving off.
He paced back and forth in the room.
before and after; around the time of
Used for temporal before/after or approximate time. Sense 6 is a specific temporal use: 'just when' or 'around the time of'.
Please tell me in detail about the time before and after the incident.
He started job hunting around the time of his graduation.
noun, used as a suffix, noun, adverb
Suffix-like use after a quantity, age, time, etc. to mean 'approximately'.
You can buy this car for around 2 million yen.
I think he is around 30 years old.
Refers to the order of things or the surrounding context. Often used in phrases like 前後関係 (contextual relationship).
I guessed the meaning by considering the context of the passage.
Used in expressions like 前後を考える (to consider the consequences) or 前後を忘れる (to forget the consequences).
He acts without thinking about the consequences.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', transitive verb, intransitive verb
inversion; reversion; getting out of order
Indicates reversal of order or things getting mixed up. Can be used as a suru verb (transitive/intransitive).
The order of the story got reversed.
He inverted the order.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb
co-occurring; happening at the same time
Used in the pattern 前後して to indicate two events occurring around the same time. Intransitive.
The two arrived at the venue around the same time.
Usage patterns
- 〈数〉前後approximately [a number/amount]
This shirt costs around 3,000 yen.
- 〈時〉の前後around a certain time
There's a meeting around noon.
- 〈事〉と前後してat around the same time as〈event〉
The phone rang around the same time he arrived.
- 前後を考えるto think about the consequences
He acted without thinking about the consequences.
- 〈事〉の前後が入れ替わるthe order of〈something〉gets reversed/mixed up
The order of the story got mixed up.
- 前後を確認するto check front and back
I checked front and back before pulling the car out.