noun
Refers to strict, literal adherence to basic principles, especially in religion or ideology. Often used in compounds like イスラム原理主義 (Islamic fundamentalism).
原理主義は、時に過激な行動につながることがある。
Fundamentalism can sometimes lead to extremist actions.
彼は市場原理主義
He criticized market fundamentalism.
根本主義 is a less common synonym for religious fundamentalism, while 原理主義 is the standard term and can also apply to non-religious contexts like market fundamentalism.
Compound of 原理 (principle) and 主義 (doctrine, -ism). A Meiji-era calque from Western languages, likely from English 'fundamentalism' or German 'Fundamentalismus'.